Ingabe Uyayazi Inqubo Yokuncibilika Kwamathini E-Aluminium?

Amathini e-aluminium ajwayelekile ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, asebenza njengeziqukathi zeziphuzo neminye imikhiqizo yabathengi.Lawa mathini enziwe ngento engasindi, engagqwali, futhi egaywa kabusha - i-aluminium.Ukukhiqizwa nokugaywa kabusha kwamathini e-aluminium kubandakanya izinqubo ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ukuncibilika kwe-aluminium.Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola inqubo ethakazelisayo yokuncibilika kwamathini e-aluminium, sigxile ezintweni ezibalulekile ezifana nesithando somlilo esincibilikisa i-aluminium, ama-ejenti okususwa kwe-slag, ama-ejenti okucwenga, i-silicon yensimbi, nezihlungi ze-ceramic ze-foam.

I. I-Aluminium Melting Furnace
Inqubo yokuncibilika kwamathini e-aluminium iqala ngesithando somlilo esincibilikisa i-aluminium, edlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni i-aluminium eqinile ibe yisimo sokuncibilika.Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezithando zomlilo ezisetshenziswa embonini, kodwa ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa lezi ezilandelayo:
I-Reverberatory Furnace: Lesi sithando somlilo siklanywe ngegumbi eliphansi, elingunxande lapho i-aluminium ishiswa ngokungaqondile ngokushisa okukhazimulayo okuvela ophahleni nasezindongeni.Isithando somlilo singafinyelela izinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku-1200°C, okungaphezu kokwanele ukuncibilikisa i-aluminium.
I-Crucible Furnace: Lolu hlobo lwesithando somlilo lisebenzisa i-refractory-lined crucible ukubamba i-aluminium.I-crucible ishiswa izishisi zikagesi noma zegesi, futhi i-aluminium iyancibilika ngaphakathi kwayo.
I-Induction Furnace: Lesi sithando somlilo sincike ekungeneni kuka-electromagnetic ukukhiqiza ukushisa ku-aluminium.Inqubo ihlanzekile futhi iyonga amandla, okwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile kokuncibilikisa i-aluminium.

II.Ama-Slag Removal Agents
Phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilika, ukungcola kwe-aluminium kungakha ungqimba lwe-slag ebusweni bensimbi encibilikisiwe.Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina, kubalulekile ukususa i-slag.Ama-ejenti okususa ama-slag, awaziwa nangokuthi ama-fluxes, angamakhemikhali enza kube lula ukuhlukaniswa kwe-slag ku-aluminium encibilikisiwe.Ama-ejenti ajwayelekile okususa ama-slag afaka okulandelayo:
I-Sodium Chloride (NaCl): Lo sawoti usiza ekuphuleni i-slag, okwenza kube lula ukususa.
I-Potassium Chloride (KCl): Njenge-sodium chloride, i-potassium chloride isiza ekuhlakazweni kwe-slag, ikhuthaze ukuhlukana kwayo ne-aluminium encibilikisiwe.
I-Fluoride-based Fluxes: Lawa ma-fluxes asiza ekukhipheni ukungcola kwe-oxide futhi anciphisa indawo yokuncibilika kwe-slag, okwenza kube lula ukususa.

III.Ama-ejenti wokucwenga

Ama-ejenti okucwenga asetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi ye-aluminium encibilikisiwe ngokususa ukungcola okufana negesi ye-hydrogen nezinto ezifakiwe.Amanye ama-ejenti wokucwenga ajwayelekile afaka okulandelayo:

I-Hexachloroethane (C2Cl6): Le nhlanganisela ibola ku-aluminium encibilikisiwe, ikhiphe igesi ye-chlorine ehlangana nokungcola, okwenza kube lula ukuyisusa.
Igesi Yenitrojeni (N2): Uma igesi ye-nitrogen ibhobhoza nge-aluminiyamu encibilikisiwe, isiza ukususa igesi ye-hydrogen nezinto ezifakiwe.
I-Argon Gas (Ar): Njenge-nitrogen, i-argon gas ingasetshenziswa ukususa igesi ye-hydrogen kanye ne-inclusions ku-aluminium encibilikisiwe.

IV.I-Metallic Silicon

I-silicon yensimbi yengezwa ku-aluminium encibilikisiwe njenge-alloying element.Ukwengezwa kwe-silicon yensimbi kuthuthukisa izici zemishini zomkhiqizo wokugcina, njengamandla nokuqina kwawo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-silicon futhi iyasiza ekucwengisiseni i-aluminium encibilikisiwe ngokuphendula ukungcola futhi ikhuthaze ukususwa kwayo.

Sengiphetha, inqubo yokuncibilika kwamathini e-aluminium iyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kodwa ethakazelisayo ehlanganisa izingxenye nezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile.Isithando somlilo esincibilikisa i-aluminiyamu, noma ngabe isithando somlilo esiphendukayo, esiphehlayo, noma esifakwa ngaphakathi, sisebenza njengomgogodla wenqubo, esivumela ukuguqulwa kwe-aluminium eqinile ibe isimo esincibilikisiwe.Ama-ejenti okususa ama-slag, njenge-sodium chloride ne-potassium chloride, adlala indima ebalulekile ekususeni ukungcola nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ye-aluminium encibilikisiwe.Ama-ejenti okucwenga, njenge-hexachloroethane negesi ye-nitrogen, athuthukisa ikhwalithi ngokususa igesi ye-hydrogen nezinto ezifakiwe.Ukwengezwa kwe-silicon yensimbi njengengxenye yengxubevange akuthuthukisi nje kuphela izici zemishini zomkhiqizo wokugcina kodwa futhi kusiza enqubweni yokucwenga.Okokugcina, izihlungi ze-ceramic ze-foam zisiza ekuhlanzeni kokugcina kwe-aluminium encibilikisiwe, okuholela kumkhiqizo wokugcina ohlanzekile nosezingeni eliphezulu.Ukuqonda lezi zici ezibalulekile nezinyathelo kunikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ngenqubo emangalisayo ngemuva kokukhiqizwa nokugaywa kabusha kwamathini e-aluminium.