3303,441,553 isithasiselo sensimbi ye-silicon yokusakaza kwe-aluminium ingxubevange Isithombe Esifakiwe

3303,441,553 isithasiselo sensimbi ye-silicon yokwenziwa kwe-aluminium ingxubevange

Ukusebenza:

Insimbi ye-silicon ingahlukaniswa ngokuhambisana nokungcola okuthathu okuyinhloko kwensimbi, i-aluminium ne-calcium equkethwe kuyo, Engahlukaniswa553, 441, 411, 421, 3303,njll. amabanga ahlukene.
Ngokwezimboni, i-silicon yensimbi imvamisa ikhiqizwa ngokunciphisa i-silica nge-carbon endaweniisithando somlilo sikagesi.
I-Chemical reaction equation: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO

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Ngokwezimboni, i-silicon yensimbi ngokuvamile ikhiqizwa ngokunciphisa i-silica nge-carbon esithandweni sikagesi.

I-Chemical reaction equation: SiO2 + 2C→Si + 2CO

Ukuhlanzeka kwe-silicon etholakala ngale ndlela yi-97 ~ 98%, ebizwa ngokuthi i-silicon yensimbi.Khona-ke iyancibilika futhi ifakwe kabusha, futhi ukungcola kukhishwa nge-asidi ukuze kutholwe i-silicon yensimbi enobumsulwa obungu-99.7 ~ 99.8%.

Ukwakheka kwe-silicon yensimbi ikakhulukazi i-silicon, ngakho-ke inezici ezifanayo ne-silicon.
I-silicon inama-allotropes amabili:i-amorphous silicon ne-crystalline silicon.

I-silicon ye-amorphous iyi-aimpushana empunga-mnyamalokho empeleni kuyi-microcrystal.

I-crystalline silicon ine-isakhiwo sekristalufuthiizakhiwo ze-semiconductor zedayimane, iindawo yokuncibilika ingu-1410°C, indawo yokubilisa ingu-2355°C, ubulukhuni be-Moh bungu-7, futhi iyaphuka.I-silicon ye-amorphous isebenza ngamakhemikhali futhi ingabashisa ngamandla emoyeni.Isabela ngezinsimbi ezingezona ezensimbi njenge-halogen, i-nitrogen nekhabhoni ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu, futhi ingasebenzisana nezinsimbi ezifana ne-magnesium, i-calcium ne-iron ukwenza ama-silicides.I-amorphous silicon icishe ingancibiliki kuwo wonke ama-acids e-inorganic kanye ne-organic kuhlanganise ne-hydrofluoric acid, kodwa incibilika kuma-asidi axubile e-nitric acid ne-hydrofluoric acid.Isixazululo se-sodium hydroxide esigxilisiwe singancibilikisa i-amorphous silicon futhi ikhulule i-hydrogen.I-crystalline silicon ayisebenzi, ayihlangani nomoya-mpilo ngisho nasezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa, ayincibiliki kunoma iyiphi i-asidi ye-inorganic kanye ne-organic acid, kodwa incibilika kuma-asidi axubile e-nitric acid ne-hydrofluoric acid kanye nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide.

Inani elikhulu le-silicon lisetshenziselwa ukuncibilikiswa ku-ferrosilicon alloy njenge-alloying element embonini yensimbi nensimbi, nanjenge-ejenti yokunciphisa ukuncibilikiswa kwezinhlobo eziningi zezinsimbi.I-silicon iphinde ibe yingxenye enhle kuma-alloys e-aluminium, futhi ama-alloys amaningi e-aluminium cast aqukethe i-silicon.