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1. Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokungcola kanye nekhono elihle lokubhafa ku-asidi ne-alkali.
2. Isixazululo sinezinzuzo zokulula ukusebenza, ububanzi bemingcele yenqubo, asikho isidingo sokulungisa i-pH njalo.
3. Vimbela i-boom yokuvala ukuthi ingenzeki.
4. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokuvala, kungathuthukisa ubulukhuni bobuso kanye nokucwebezela kwamaphrofayili e-aluminium.
Isengezo Sokuvalwa Okubandayo | Amanzi enziwe deionized |
5~5.5g/L | Ibhalansi |
Ni2+ | F- | pH | Izinga lokushisa | Isikhathi | Ukusetshenziswa |
0.9~1.3g/L | 0.4~0.6g/L | 5.5~6.5 | 22 ~ 28℃ | 1μm/1.3min | 0.9~1.5kg/T |
1. Nquma ukugxila kwe-Ni,F ne-pH, kukwenze kube ngaphakathi kwebanga lemingcele yenqubo
2. Lawula i-pH ngokungeza i-acetic acid ehlanjululweyo (dilute hydrofluoric acid) noma nciphisa i-sodium hydroxide (dilute ammonia),gcina inani le-pH phakathi kuka-5.5 no-6.5.
3. Ukuze unciphise ukungcoliswa kwesisombululo sokugeza sokugeza, lawula ikhwalithi yamanzi kanye ne-pH yokugeza okugeza ngokuqinile, i-pH ayikwazi ngaphansi kuka-4.5.
I-Cold Sealing Additive ivalwe nge-polybag, inethi engu-5kg lilinye nama-polybag ama-4 ebhokisini, inethi engu-20kg lilinye.Ivikelwe ekukhanyeni endaweni eyomile.
Ukunqunywa kokuqukethwe kwe-nickel ion (Ni2+).
1. Izinyathelo zokuhlola.
Dweba kahle u-10mL woketshezi lukasinki ebhikeni elingunxantathu elingu-250mL, engeza u-50mL wamanzi, u-10mL (pH=10) we-chloramine buffer, inani elincane elingu-1% i-violetine, bese unyakazisa kahle.Titrate ngesixazululo esijwayelekile esingu-0.01mol/L EDTA kuze kube yilapho isixazululo sishintsha sisuka kokuphuzi siye kokunsomi njengendawo yokugcina, bese urekhoda ivolumu yokusetshenziswa engu-V.
2. Isibalo: I-Nickel(g/L)=5.869 × V × C
V: umthamo wesixazululo esijwayelekile se-EDTA esidliwe ngamamililitha (mL)
C: i-molar concentration yesisombululo esijwayelekile se-EDTA (mol/L)
1. Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo se-F-standard
① Isixazululo esijwayelekile esino-F-concentration ka-5g/L: Isisindo esinembile esingu-11.0526g NaF (I-Analytical Reagent, yomiswa kuhhavini engu-120°C amahora angu-2, gcina kumshini wokwenza izinto ngebhodlela lesisindo ozosetshenziswa, olunembile kufika ku-0.0001g uma ukala) ukuncibilika Ngamanzi amancane ahlanjululwe, dlulisela ku-flask ye-volumetric engu-1000mL, hlambulula uphawu, futhi unyakazise kahle.
② Isixazululo esijwayelekile esino-F-concentration ka-0.1g/L: I-Pipette 10mL yesisombululo esijwayelekile esino-F-concentration ka-5g/L kuflask yevolumu engaphezulu ibe yiflask yevolumu engu-500mL, hlambulula kumaki, bese ugcina ebhodleleni le-polyethylene.
③ Lungiselela izixazululo ezijwayelekile ngokugxilisa kuka-F ka-0.2-1 g/L njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla.
2. Ukulungiswa Kwesixazululo Sesibhafa Esiphelele Se-Ionic Amandla (TISAB)
Thatha cishe u-500mL wamanzi acwecwe uwafake kubhekha engilazi ehlanzekile engu-1L, engeza u-57mL we-glacial acetic acid, bese wengeza u-58.5g we-sodium chloride no-12g we-sodium citrate ukuze ulungise futhi uncibilike ngokuphelele, bese usebenzisa i-sodium hydroxide ehlanzekile ngokuhlaziya lungisa ku-pH=5.0~5.5, nciphisa ku-1L ngamanzi acwecwe.
3. F- Umdwebo wejika elijwayelekile
① I-Pipette 2mL yesisombululo esijwayelekile esinokuhlangana kuka-0.1g/L kubhekha lepulasitiki elingu-100mL, bese wengeza isisombululo sebuffer se-TISAB esingu-20mL, sifake umazibuthe, sinyakazise ku-stirrer kazibuthe, faka i-electrode ye-oxygen kanye ne-electrode eyireferensi ngokulandelana, Ngemva kokunyakaziswa kwe-electromagnetic 3min, melela 30s, futhi ufunde ukulingana okungenzeka Ex;
②Sebenzisa indlela efanayo ukuze ulinganise inani elingaba khona elingu-Ex lesixazululo esijwayelekile okugxilwa kwaso kuka-F kungu-0.2~1g/L, futhi uhlunge ukugxiliswa kusukela phansi kuye phezulu.Ephepheni legrafu, dweba ijika elijwayelekile le-EF elinamandla okuthi E njengohlelo kanye nokugxilisana kuka-F njenge-abscissa.
4. Inqubo yokunquma
I-pipette ngokunembile u-20mL woketshezi lukasinki ebhekhani engu-100mL, engeza u-20mL wengqikithi yesigcina samandla e-ionic (TISAB), gudluza ku-stirrer kazibuthe imizuzu emi-3, bese ukala ngokuqondile umehluko ongaba khona nge-electrode eyi-fluorine.Thola okuqukethwe kwe-fluorine okuhambisanayo m kumdwebo we-fluorine-ongase ube nomehluko ojwayelekile we-electrode .
Amapharamitha okucubungula
KuyabandaIsengezo sokuvala uphawu | I-Nickelion | I-Fluoride | PH | izinga lokushisa |
0.9~1.3g/L | 0.4 - 0.6g/L | 5.5-6.5 | 22 ~ 28℃ |